Panasonic GF2 Review
Содержание
Introduction
The Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2 is the World’s smallest and lightest compact system camera with a built-in flash. Replacing the popular GF1 model, the new GF2 is is 19% smaller in size and 7% less in weight than its predecessor, thanks largely to the introduction of a touch-control interface via the 3 inch 460,000-dot LCD screen. The DMC-GF2 also offers full HD movies at 1920 x 1080 at 60i (NTSC) / 50i (PAL) in AVCHD format with stereo sound, a new Graphic User Interface, a 12.1-megapixel Live MOS sensor, Venus Engine FHD image processor, expanded ISO range of 100-6400, a built-in pop-up flash and Dust Reduction system. If you don’t want to use the LCD screen for composition, an optional electronic external viewfinder is also available (£165 / $200), which slots into the external flash hotshoe on top of the camera. Available in black, silver and, red, pink and white, in the UK the Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2 will be available in January 2011 with either the 14-42mm lens for £599.99, 14mm lens for £629.99 or a 14-42m / 14mm twin lens kit for £729.99.
Compatible products which do not comply with Four-thirds standard
Product Name | Manufacturer | Model Number | Compatibility |
External Flash | Panasonic | DMW-FL70 | NG |
DMW-FL580L | OK(*4)(*17) | ||
DMW-FL360L | OK(*4)(*17) | ||
DMW-FL200L | OK(*4)(*17) | ||
DMW-FL500 | OK | ||
DMW-FL360 | OK | ||
DMW-FL220 | OK | ||
OLYMPUS | FL-900R | OK(*4)(*17) | |
FL-600R | OK(*4)(*17) | ||
FL-300R | NG(*4)(*14) | ||
FL-50R | OK(*4) | ||
FL-36R | OK(*4) | ||
FL-50 | OK | ||
FL-40 | NG | ||
FL-36 | OK | ||
FL-20 | NG | ||
FL-14 | OK |
Product Name | Manufacturer | Model Number | Compatibility |
Live View Finder | Panasonic | DMW-LVF1 | OK |
DMW-LVF2 | NG | ||
Varimagni Angle Finder | OLYMPUS | VA-1 | NG |
Dioptric Eyecup (Positive compensation) |
OLYMPUS | DE-P3 | NG |
Dioptric Eyecup (Negative compensation) |
OLYMPUS | DE-N3 | NG |
Magnifier Eye Cup | OLYMPUS | ME-1 | NG |
(*1)
Direction detection related functions on DMC-GF2(ex. a function to rotate and play back pictures vertically when they are shot with the camera held vertically) are not available.
(*2)
The firmware update on lenses to the following designated versions or later is required to enable Contrast AF(AFS mode). Please refer to the required firmware version of lenses listed in the table below.
Please note that the following Zuiko lenses are absolutely required to be updated to the designated version or later, otherwise the message «PLEASE CHECK THAT THE LENS IS ATTACHED CORRECTLY» could be displayed on the camera.
Click here to jump to the information to confirm the lens firmware version>
Model Number | Firmware version | |
L-X025 | Ver.2.0 or later | Update service |
ZUIKO DIGITAL 25mm F2.8 | Ver.1.2 or later | Update service |
ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 14-42mm F3.5-5.6 | Ver.1.3 or later | |
ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 40-150mm F4.0-5.6 | Ver.1.3 or later | |
ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 70-300mm F4.0-5.6 | Ver.1.2 or later |
*For these FourThirds lenses, not only they can be updated on DMC-L10 or L1, but also on the Mount Adapter(DMW-MA1) together with G series cameras.
(*3)
When the camera is in MF mode, the image will be magnified automatically by rotating the focus ring. These lenses do not support this function.
It is possible to magnify the image on GF2,
(When operating the touch panel)
— Touch the panel to enlarge
(When operating buttons)
— Push the menu/set button after pushing (the left key) in cursor buttons.
(*4)
Wireless shooting is not available.
(*5)
The lens firmware Ver.1.2 or later is recommended.
(*6)
AF tracking is slower than the counterparts in HD movie support Micro Four Thirds lens(LUMIX VARIO HD lens). Also operational noise in AF may be recorded while motion picture recording.
(*7)
Though AFS Mode is available, it may be lacking in sharpness in the image or taking longer than usual focusing time. In such cases, please use MF Mode or AF+MF function.
(*8)
Operational noise of the aperture in AE(Auto Exposure) control may be recorded while motion picture recording.
(*9)
AF performance cannot be guaranteed on AFS Mode available. It is reccomended MF Mode on photo and motion picture recording.
(*10)
It can be used together with a Leica M lens/Leica R lens. Please set [SHOOT W/O LENS] in the CUSTOM Menu to «ON».
Please check the Compatibilities of mount adapter DMW-MA2M and DMW-MA3R page to find the compatible lens list.
(*11)
MF guide is not displayed on the screen.
(*12)
Please set «SHOOT W/O LENS» to «ON» in CUSTOM MENU.
(*13)
Not available in the defocus control function.
(*14)
FL-300R can be used as an external flash, but the flash panel and lens hood may be damaged when FL-300R is fold forward in case that H-F007014 or the lens with the lens hood reversed for storage is attached to camera body.
(*15)
STEP ZOOM is not available.
(*16)
Operated by L-Fn button is not guaranteed.
(*17)
Auto LED light ON, and AF illuminator function is not available.
(*18)
The Manual Focus Clutch mechanism is not available, during the shuttet button is pressed halfway.
(*19)
Manual focus is not available.
(*20)Click here to check the information to confirm the operation of Teleconverter lens>
(*21)
Some functions are not compatible in MF mode with distance scale.
Дискретная математика логика, группы, графы, фракталы
Акимов О.Е.
2.4. Алгебраические системы на базе групп
Теперь мы приобрели необходимые сведения для действия и с многочленами n-ой степени вида:
an(x) = axn + a1xn–1 + … + an–1x + an.
Если an(c) = 0, то c — корень многочлена an(x). Число c будет корнем an(x) тогда и только тогда, когда an(x) делится на скобку (x – c) без остатка. Действительно, пусть
a(x) = (x – c)b(x) + r(x)
при x = c, имеем a(c) = (c – c)b(c) + r(c). Таким образом, остаток r(c) = a(c), который равен нулю по определению.
Поиск корней многочлена an(x) равносилен поиску его линейных делителей; при a = 1 получим
an(x) = (x – c1)b1(x) = (x – c1)(x – c2)b2(x) = …
= (x – c1)(x – c2) … (x – cn).
Общее число корней многочлена an(x) всегда равно n. Однако могут встречаться кратные корни, тогда
an(x) = (x – c1)n1(x – c2)n² … (x – ck)nk.
Это называется каноническим разложением многочлена an(x) на простые (неприводимые) множители. Многочлен a(x) называется приводимым, если он может быть разложен в произведение двух множителей без остатка —
a(x) = b(x)q(x).
Но известна ситуация, когда многочлен a(x) часть корней имеет в поле действительных чисел, а часть — в поле комплексных чисел. Таким образом, о приводимости или неприводимости многочленов можно говорить лишь по отношению к данному полю, поскольку многочлен, неприводимый в одном поле, может оказаться приводимым в другом. Ранее приведенный пример с многочленом x³ – 1 в этом отношении показателен.
Далее нас будут интересовать многочлены a(x), у которых коэффициенты ai взяты из числового поля GF(p). Эти многочлены образуют кольцо относительно сложения и умножения. Пусть этими многочленами будут
a(x) = x³ + x + 1 и b(x) = x² + x + 1,
а числовое поле GF(2) = {0, 1}, тогда сумма и произведение a(x) и b(x) дадут два новых многочлена —
a(x) + b(x) = x³ + x² и a(x) · b(x) = x5+ x4 + 1.
В своей совокупности многочлены образуют именно ассоциативно-коммутативное кольцо, но не поле, поскольку не существует таких многочленов степени больше единицы, которые бы при перемножении давали единицу: a(x) · b(x) = 1, т.е. в алгебре многочленов для каждого ее элемента отсутствует обратный.
Многочлены можно делить друг на друга:
Многочлен b(x) называется делителем a(x), если остаток r(x) равен нулю. Наибольший общий делитель двух многочленов a(x) и b(x) находится по алгоритму Евклида, только роль чисел уже выполняют многочлены. Покажем, как его найти на многочленах a (x) и b(x) с коэффициентами, взятыми из числового поля GF(3):
a(x) = x6 + 2x³ + x² + 2x + 2, b(x) = x5 + x4 + x³ + x² + x + 1.
Следуем алгоритму Евклида:
Micro Four Thirds Camera introduction roadmap
Item | Model | Sensor | Electronic View Finder (EVF) | Announced |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effective) | EVF; 1.4x magnification; 1.44M dots | 2008, October |
2 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH1 | 4:3; 3:2; 16:9 (multi-aspect); 14.0 mp (12.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2009, April |
3 | Olympus PEN E-P1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | optional hotshoe optical VF-1; 65 degree AOV | 2009, July |
4 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF LVF1; 1.04x mag; 202K dots | 2009, September |
5 | Olympus PEN E-P2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2009, November |
6 | Olympus PEN E-PL1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2010, February |
7 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G10 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.04x magnification; 202K dots | 2010, March |
8 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2010, March |
9 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH2 | 4:3; 3:2; 16:9 (multi-aspect); 18.3 mp (16.0 mp effect) | EVF; 1.42x mag; 1.53M dots | 2010, September |
10 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF; 1.04x mag; 202K dots | 2010, November |
11 | Olympus PEN E-PL1s | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2010, November |
12 | Olympus PEN E-PL2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, January |
13 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G3 | 4:3 / 16.6 mp (15.8 mp effect) | EVF; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, May |
14 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF3 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | N/A | 2011, June |
15 | Olympus PEN E-P3 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, June |
16 | Olympus PEN E-PL3 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, June |
17 | Olympus PEN E-PM1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, June |
18 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX1 | 4:3 / 16.6 mp (16.0 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF LVF2; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, November |
19 | Olympus OM-D E-M5 | 4:3 / 16.9 mp (16.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2012, February |
External links
Media related to Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2 at Wikimedia Commons
Preceded byPanasonic Lumix DMC-GF1 | Panasonic Micro Four Thirds System camerasNovember 2008–present | Succeeded byPanasonic Lumix DMC-GF3 |
Micro Four Thirds cameras timeline |
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